Parametric Study of Active Solar Heating Using a Pebble Bed as a Thermal Collector and Storage Unit
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this study, pebble bed as an absorber and storage material was placed in a south facing, flat plate air-type solar collector at fixed tilt angle of (45°). The effect of this material and differ- ent parameters on collector efficiency has been investigated experimentally and
theoretically. Two operation modes were employed to study the performance of the solar air heater. An inte- grated mode of continuous operation of the system during the period of (11:00 am – 3:00 pm) and non-integrated mode in which the system stored the solar energy through the day then used the stored energy during the period of (3:00 pm – 8:00 pm). The results of parametric study in case of continuous operating showed that the maximum average temperature difference of air between inlet and outlet sections observed on (0.018 kg/s) air mass flow rate were exceeded (17°C) and the maximum outlet temperature that got was exceeded (34°C) for the three months (December, January and February) of experiments. Average efficiency was ranged from 53% to 65%. In the case of storage and then operating, the maximum outlet air temperature was ranged from (27°C) up to (31°C) then
decreased with spend of energy to reach (13°C) to (18°C) and the maximum storage energy was (165.14 W) for the porosity of (0.29) , height of (20 cm) and (0.01 kg/s) mass flow rate. The results also, showed that the solar air collector supplied a solar heating fraction (SHF) with an average of (0.65) for a meeting room (3 * 4 * 7 m) located in Baghdad as a case study.
Article Details
How to Cite
Publication Dates
References
➢ Ashish K., 2009, Mathematical Modeling of Solar Air heater with Different Geometries, M.Sc. thesis, Thapar University.
➢ Bashria, A., Yousef, A. and Adam, N. M, 2007, Analysis of single and Double Passes V- Grooves Solar Collector with and without Porous Media. International Journal of Energy and Environment,vol.2,No.1,PP.109-114.
➢ Beasley, D.E. and Clark J.A., 1983, Investigation of Rock Bed Solar Collector Cum Storage System, International Journal of Heat and Mass transfer, vol.27, No.9, PP.1659- 1669.
➢ Bennamoun, L. and Belhamri, A., 2008, Study of Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Me- dia, Tech Science Press, vol.4, No.4, PP. 221-230.
➢ Cheung, A. C.; Chiang, C. W.; Chen, M. S., 1979, Heat Transfer in a Porous Medium Flat Plate Solar Collector, Proceedings of the Multi-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer Symposium-Workshop, PP.16-18.
➢ Choudhury C., Chauhan P. M. and Garg H. P., 2008, Economic Design of a Rock Bed Storage Device for Storing Solar Thermal, Center for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology.
➢ Degirmencioglu, C., 2006, The Use of Open Cell Polyurethane Foams in Air-Type Solar Collectors as the Heat Absorbing Element, M.Sc. Thesis, The Graduate School of Engi- neering and Sciences of İzmir Institute of Technology.
➢ Garg, Bandyo and Sharma, 1981, Investigation of Rock Bed Solar Collector Cum storage system, Center of energy studies, Indian Technology.
➢ Irfan Kurtbas and Emre Turgut, 2006, Experimental Investigation of Solar Air Heater with Free and Fixed Fins, International Journal of Science & Technology, vol. 1, No.1, PP.75-82.
➢ Kenneth Guy Allen, 2010, Performance Characteristics of Packed Bed Thermal Energy Storage for Solar Thermal Power Plants, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Stellenbosch.
➢ Klein, S. A., Beckman, W. A. and Duffie, J. A., 1975, Design Procedure for Solar Air Heating Systems, International Solar Energy Society, Los Angeles.
➢ Mawire A., 2009, Simulated Performance of Storage Materials for Pebble Bed Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Systems, Journal of Applied Energy.
➢ Mittal, M.K., Varshney, L., 2005, Optimal Thermo Hydraulic Performance of a Wire Mesh Packed Solar Air Heater, Solar Energy, vol.80, PP.1112-1120.
➢ Mohandraj M. And Chandrasekar P., 2009, Performance of a Forced Convection Solar Drier Integrated With Gravel as Heat Storage Material for Chili Drying, Journal of En- gineering Science and Technology, vol. 4, No. 3, PP.305 – 314.
➢ Murshid A. M., 2005, Performance Study of Using the Active Solar Energy for Heating by Using Porous Media, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Tikrit.
➢ Navarrete, J.J., Cervantes J.G., 2008, Energy Analysis of a Rock Bed Thermal Storage System, International Journal of Energy, vol.5, No.1, PP.18-30.
➢ Paul B. and Saini J. S., 2003, Thermohydraulic Performance of Pebble Bed Solar air Heaters. Proceedings of the International Conference on Mechanical Engineering.
➢ Qenawy, A. M. and Mohamad, A. A., 2007, Analysis of High Efficiency Solar Air Heater for Cold Climates, 2nd Canadian Solar Buildings Conference Calgary, vol.10, No.14.
➢ Yeong, W., Lai, Y. and Foo J., 2011, Improvement of a Solar Heating Panel's Thermal Efficiency, vol.4, No.1, PP.44-55.