Using Water Quality Index to Assess Drinking Water For AL-Muthana Project
Main Article Content
Abstract
The water quality index is the most common mathematical way of monitoring water characteristics due to the reasons for the water parameters to identify the type of water and the validity of its use, whether for drinking, agricultural, or industrial purposes. The water arithmetic indicator method was used to evaluate the drinking water of the Al-Muthana project, where the design capacity was (40000) m3/day, and it consists of traditional units used to treat raw water. Based on the water parameters (Turb, TDS, TH, SO4, NO2, NO3, Cl, Mg, and Ca), the evaluation results were that the quality of drinking water is within the second category of the requirements of the WHO (86.658%) and the first category of the standard has not been met due to defects in design and operation and the inlet and outlet values of dissolved minerals were very close due to the absence of soluble salt removal units in AL-Muthana project
Article received: 28/2/2022
Article accepted: 29 /3/2022
Article published: 1/7/ 2022
Article Details
How to Cite
Publication Dates
References
• A. Adnan, Tamarah, Eman A. Mohammed, and Abdul-Sahib T. Al-Madhhachi, 2021. Water Quality Index of Tigris River Within Baghdad City: A Review, Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25(3):34–43, DOI: 10.31272/jeasd.25.3.4.
• Abd Nasier, Mohammad, and Khalid Adel Abdulrazzaq, 2021. Conventional Water Treatment Plant, Principles, and Important Factors Influence on the Efficiency, Design Engineering 16009–27.
• Agudelo-Vera, Claudia, Stefania Avvedimento, Joby Boxall, Enrico Creaco, Henk de Kater, Armando Di Nardo, Aleksandar Djukic, Isabel Douterelo, Katherine E. Fish, Pedro Li Glesias Rey, Nenad Jacimovic, Heinz E. Jacobs, Zoran Kapelan, Javier Martinez Solano, Carolina Montoya Pachongo, Olivier Piller, Claudia Quintiliani, Jan Ručka, Ladislav Tuhovčák, and Mirjam Blokker, 2020. Drinking Water Temperature around the Globe: Understanding, Policies, Challenges and Opportunities, Water (Switzerland) 12(4).
• Akram, Sana, and Fazal Ur Rehman M. 2018, Hardness in Drinking-Water, Its Sources, Its Effects on Humans and Its Household Treatment, Journal of Chemistry and Applications 4(1):01–04. DOI: 10.13188/2380-5021.1000009.
• Akter, Tahera, Fatema Tuz Jhohura, Fahmida Akter, Tridib Roy Chowdhury, Sabuj Kanti Mistry, Digbijoy Dey, Milan Kanti Barua, Md Akramul Islam, and Mahfuzar Rahman, 2016. Water Quality Index for Measuring Drinking Water Quality in Rural Bangladesh: A Crosssectional Study, Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition 35(1).
• Al-rikabi, Walaa Jamal, and Basim Sh Abed. 2021, Improvement of the Hydrodynamic Behavior and Water Quality Assessment of Al-Chibayish Marshes, Iraq, Journal of Engineering 27(12):50–68, DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2021.12.05.
• Alobaidy, Abdul Hameed M. Jawad, Haider S. Abid, and Bahram K. Maulood, 2010. Application of Water Quality Index for Assessment of Dokan Lake Ecosystem, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Journal of Water Resource and Protection 02(09):792–98. DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2010.29093.
• Alwaeli, Jassim Mohammed, Sura Kareem Ali, and Athraa Hashim Mohammed, 2021. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Program and Water Quality Index (WQI) to Assess and Manage Groundwater Quality in the City of Baghdad, Journal of Engineering 27(3):93–112, DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2021.03.07.
• Bakshi, Baishali, Elise M. Doucette, and Scott J. Kyser. 2021, Centralized Softening as a Solution to Chloride Pollution: An Empirical Analysis Based on Minnesota Cities, PLoS ONE 16(2 February):1–30, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246688.
• Banda, Talent Diotrefe, and Muthukrishna Vellaisamy Kumarasamy, 2020. Development of Water Quality Indices (WQIs): A Review, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 29(3):2011–21. DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/110526.
• Bashir, Muhammad Tariq, Salmiaton Ali, and Adnan Bashir, 2012. Health Effects from Exposure to Sulphates and Chlorides in Drinking Water, Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 6(3):648–52.
• Cormick, Gabriela, Mercedes Lombarte, Nicole Minckas, Andrés Porta, Alfredo Rigalli, Jose M. Belizán, Natalia Matamoros, and Maela Lupo, 2020. Contribution of Calcium in Drinking Water from a South American Country to Dietary Calcium Intake BMC Research Notes 13(1).
• Drinan, Joanne, 2012. “Drinking Water Monitoring.” The Drinking Water Handbook, Second Edition 187–227, DOI: 10.1201/b12305-11.
• Ewaid, Salam Hussein, and Salwan Ali Abed. 2017, Water Quality Index for Al-Gharraf River, Southern Iraq.” The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 43(2):117–22, DOI: 10.1016/j.ejar.2017.03.001.
• Galal Uddin, Md., Md. Moniruzzaman, and Mala Khan, 2017. Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Using CCME Water Quality Index in the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant Area, Ishwardi, Pabna, Bangladesh, American Journal of Environmental Protection 5(2):33–43. DOI: 10.12691/env-5-2-2.
• Ibrahim, Mohamad Najib, 2019. Assessing Groundwater Quality for Drinking Purpose in Jordan: Application of Water Quality Index, Journal of Ecological Engineering 20(3):101–11, DOI: 10.12911/22998993/99740.
• Kim, TaeHo, YoungWoo Kim, Jihoon Shin, ByeongGeon Go, and YoonKyung Cha, 2020. Assessing Land-Cover Effects on Stream Water Quality in Metropolitan Areas Using the Water Quality Index, Water 12(11):3294, DOI: 10.3390/w12113294.
• Lehtonen, Janika, Jukka Hassinen, Riina Honkanen, Avula Anil Kumar, Heli Viskari, Anu Kettunen, Nikolaos Pahimanolis, Thalappil Pradeep, Orlando J. Rojas, and Olli Ikkala, 2019. Effects of Chloride Concentration on the Water Disinfection Performance of Silver Containing Nanocellulose-Based Composites, Scientific Reports 9(1):1–10. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56009-6.
• Ncibi, Mohamed Chaker, Anu Matilainen, Mohamed Chaker Ncibi, and Anu Matilainen, 2017. Removal of Natural Organic Matter in Drinking Water Treatment by Coagulation: A Comprehensive Review, Chemosphere 190:54–71.
• Pal, Mihir, Nihar R. Samal, Pankaj Kumar Roy, and Malabika B. Roy, 2015. Electrical Conductivity of Lake Water as Environmental Monitoring – A Case Study of Rudrasagar Lake, IOSR Journal of Environmental Science Ver. I 9(3):2319–99, DOI: 10.9790/2402-09316671.
• Susanto, Arif, Uli Amrina, Purwanto Purwanto, Edi K. Putro, Wiliam E. Yochu, and John C. Wilmot, 2020. Analysis of Free Residual Chlorine in Drinking Water Distribution Systems in Ore Processing Industry, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 29(6):4321–30, DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/120154.
• Wang, Bill B., 2021. Research on Drinking Water Purification Technologies for Household Use by Reducing Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), PLoS ONE 16(9 September):1–14, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257865.