Assessment Strategies of Fixed Firefighting system in Residential Multi-Story Building for Improving Fire Safety: A Review
Main Article Content
Abstract
A fixed firefighting system is a key component of fire safeguarding and reducing fire danger. It is installed as a permanent component in a structure to protect the entire or a portion of the building and its contents. The study aims to review the previous studies that deal with the evaluation of fire safety measures and their use in resolving problems associated with fire threats in buildings. For this reason, a number of previous studies in this field were reviewed compared with the NFPA code. The findings revealed that regulatory developments over the last several decades had created an atmosphere conducive to innovation. This has resulted in a growth in the number of fixed firefighting system types now obtainable. These solutions provide substantial distinction in terms of performance and hence safety. Not only is the availability of different fire risk alleviation systems important, but so is the election of the most convenient solution for the job. This is typically seen inside regulatory procedures and basics of thumb or heuristics and depends on the knowledge and expertise of divergent specialists. When several perceived danger and results thresholds are surpassed, fixed firefighting systems are frequently included as extra fire protection and resilience measures
Article received: 10/3/2022
Article accepted: 2/5/2022
Article published: 1/6/ 2022
Article Details
How to Cite
Publication Dates
References
• Amer, F., 2015. Retrofitting of Reinforced Concrete Damaged Short Column Exposed to High Temperature, university of Baghdad, Journal of Engineering Volume 21, No.3.
• Arc. A. J. Isiwele, Arc. M.O. Adamolekun, and Arc. N. G. Akhimien, 2018. Fire Safety in Buildings, Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering.
• Bertan E., 2014. Fire Safety of Modern Building Materials. Executive Director, Consulting at S&P Global. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/fire-safety-modern-building-materials-bertan-enhos.
• Ben Coffman, 2009. Code Enforcement: Critical for a Successful Fire Prevention Program. Continuing Education course. Fire engineering university. www. Fire Engineering University.com.
• Caia, G., Ventimiglia, F., and Maass, A., 2010. Container vs. dacha: The psychological effects of temporary housing characteristics on earthquake survivors, Journal of Environmental Psychology, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 60-66.
• Coulter, Martin, 2018. London Fire Brigade accuses BBC of sexism over use of term 'fireman' in children's show Hey Duggee, www.standard.co.uk.
• Cowlard, A. Bittern, C. Abecassis-Empisa, and J. Torero, 2013. Fire Safety Design for Tall Buildings. Procedia Engineering 62, 169 – 181.
• Diamantes, D., 2006. Fire Prevention: Inspection and Code Enforcement. (Thomson Delmar Learning, Clifton Park, NY).
• Diamantes, D., 2003. Fire Prevention Inspection & Code Enforcement. (2nd ed.). Albany, NY: Delmar Learning.
• "Fire Academy", 2016. Public Safety Elite. Retrieved 2016-03-10.
• Gregory J. McCarthy, Kevin G. Tolhurst, and Michael Wouters, 2003. Prediction of firefighting resources for suppression operations in Victoria’s parks and forests. Research Report No. 56. Forest Science Centre. Orbost, Creswick and Mildura.
• Hai-yun HAN., 2011 Research on Standardization Method of Risk Assessment for Fire Public Liability Insurance in Assembly Occupancies and Underwriting Auditing. Procedia Engineering, 11(0):120-26.
• Hackitt, D.J., 2017. Building a Safer Future—Independent Review of Building Regulations and Fire Safety: Interim Report, Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government by Command of Her Majesty, Crown Copyright. England.
• Hall J Jr, Flynn J, and Grant C., 2008. Measuring Code Compliance Effectiveness for Fire-Related Portions of Codes (The Fire Protection Research Foundation, Quincy, MA).
• Hall, J. R., 2010. Experience with sprinklers and other extinguishing equipment. Quincy, MA.: NFPA, U.S.
• Huang, Yan Bo, Bing Han, and Zhe Zhao., 2011. Research on Assessment Method of Fire Protection System, Procedia Engineering 11: 147–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.04.640.
• F. Chen, S. W. Chien, Y. P. Leec, C. F. Lin, and H. R. Si, 2013. The Integrated Strategies for Fire Safety of Long Road Tunnels in Taiwan. Procedia Engineering 62, 36 – 45.
• Furness, A., and Muckett, M., 2007. Introduction to Fire Safety Management, 1st ed.,
• Butterworth-Heinemann, London.
• Gritzo, L. A., Doerr, W., Bill, R., Ali, H., Nong, S., and Krasner, L., 2009. Technical Report: The influence of risk factors on sustainable development. FM Global Research division. Norwood.
• G.V. Hadjisophocleous, and Z. Fu, 2004. Literature Review Of Fire Risk Assessment Methodologies. International Journal on Engineering Performance-Based Fire Codes, Volume 6, Number 1, p.28-45.
• Jaewook Kwon, 2014. Assessment of fire protection systems in proscenium theaters, Journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/csfc.
• Jim Baker et al., 2013. Categorisation of fire safety management: Results of a Delphi Panel, Fire Safety Journal, Elsevier.
• Ken Thomas, 2020. Fire Suppression System Installation and Maintenance - A Complete Guide. Blog, 15 June. https://www.fire-magazine.com/fire-suppression-system-installation-and-maintenance-a-complete-guide.
• Kerber, S., 2012. Analysis of changing residential fire dynamics and its implications on firefighter operational timeframes, Fire Technology, Vol. 48 No. 4, pp. 865-891.
• Mahesh Chopade, 2020. Fire Suppression Systems for High Rise Buildings in India:
• Review Article. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 3 Issue 4, July-Aug.
• Meacham, B.J., 2010. Accommodating Innovation in Building Regulation: Lessons and Challenges. Build. Res. Inf. 2010, 38, 686–698.
• Metropolitan Fire Service., 2012. Building Fire Safety, South Australian., https://www.mfs.sa.gov.au/community-safety/commercial/building-fire-safety/.
• Nelson, G., 1998. Carbon monoxide and fire toxicity: a review and analysis of recent work, Fire Technology, Vol. 34 No. 1, pp. 39-58.
• NFCC National Fire Chiefs Council, 2018. Hazard - Insufficient resources: Fires and firefighting.https://www.ukfrs.com/guidance/search/insufficient-resources-fires-and-firefighting.
• OECD. Regulatory Policy Outlook, 2015. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development: Paris, France. Available online: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/governance/oecd-regulatory-policy-outlook-2015_9789264238770-en.
• O’Laughlin J.,2005 Policy issues relevant to risk assessments, balancing risks, and the National Fire Plan: Needs and opportunities. Forest Ecology and Management. 2005;211(1–2):3-14.
• Parisa Moshashaei, and Seyed Shamseddin Alizadeh, 2016. Fire Risk Assessment: A Systematic Review of the Methodology and Functional Areas. Iranian Journal of Health, Safety & Environment, Vol.4, No.1, pp.654-669.
• Park H., Meacham B. J., Dembsey N. A., and Goulthorpe M., 2014. Enhancing building fire safety performance by reducing miscommunication and misconceptions, Fire Technology.
• Shatha, D., and Nada, M.,2016. Fire Flame Influence on the Behavior of reinforced Concrete Beams Affected by Repeated Load ", University of Baghdad, Journal of Engineering Volume 22 No.9.
• Simon Bird, Kirti Ruikar, Lee Bosher, and Jim Glockling, 2019. Fixed Firefighting System Selection: Towards Improved Decision Making. International Journal of Information Technology ISSN (2413-2950) – Volume 3, Issue 12 Dec.
• Stoney Trent, Martin Voshell, Lisa Fern, and Robert Stephens, 2008. Designing to Support Command and Control in Urban Firefighting, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Leadership, United States Military Academy. 276C Thayer Hall, West Point, NY 10996. 845.938.6710.
• Topical Fire Report Series, 2011. Fire Death Rate Trends: An International Perspective. Volume 12, Issue 8.
• Venkatesh Kodur, Puneet Kumar and Muhammad Masood Rafi, 2019. Fire hazard in buildings: review, assessment and strategies for improving fire safety. Fire hazard in buildings, PSU Research Review Vol. 4 No. 1, 2020 pp. 1-23.
• Wiecozorek, C. J., Ditch, B., and Bill, R. G., 2010. Technical Report: Environmental impact of automatic fire sprinklers. FM Global Research Division. Norwood.
• Wong, N., and Jan, W., 2003. Total building performance evaluation of academic institution in Singapore, Building, and Environment, vol. 38, no. 1, pp.161-176.
• Xin, J., and Huang, C., 2013, “Fire risk analysis of residential buildings based on scenario clusters and its application in fire risk management, Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 62, pp. 72-78.
• Y C Wang, J Marsden, and M Kelly, 2011. Challenges of Fire Fighting in Fire Engineered Built Environment. The 5th Conference on Performance-based Fire and Fire Protection Engineering. 1877–7058. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Procedia Engineering 11 (2011) 583–592.