INCREASING THE ADSORPTION SURFACE AREA OF ACTIVATED CARBON
Main Article Content
Abstract
Experiments were carried out to study the effect of various activated carbon-glass beads weight ratios, influent phenol concentrations, flow rate and bed depth on the performance of fixed bed adsorption column. The equilibrium data and interparticle diffusion coefficients obtained from separate experiments in a batch adsorber were fitted with theoretical model. The effect of adding different weight ratios of an inert solid material to the adsorbent bed in the adsorption process of phenol onto activated carbon was carried out. Adding 5 wt % glass beads to the activated carbon bed reduces the amount of activated carbon by 5% and increases the operating time by 80%.. Increasing the glass beads from 10 wt % and above makes the adsorption process inefficient compared with 0 wt % glass beads. A mathematical model was achieved to describe the mass transfer kinetics in a fixed bed column. The results show that the mathematical model includes external mass transfer and pore diffusion using nonlinear isotherms, provides a good description of the adsorption process for phenol in fixed bed adsorber.
Article Details
How to Cite
Publication Dates
References
* Fernandez, E., Deirdre, H. C., Lopez-Ramon, M. V. and Stoeckli, F. Adsorption of phenol from dilute and concentrated aqueous solutions by activated carbon, Langmuir, 2003, 19, 9719-9723.
* Khalid, M., Joly, G., Renaud, A. and Magnoux, P. Removal of phenol from water by adsorption using zeolites, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2004, 43, 5275-5280.
* Mukherjee, S., Kumar, S., Misra, A. K. and Fan, M Removal of phenols from water environment by activated carbon, bagasse ash and wood charcoal, Chem. Eng. Journal, (article in press) .
* Cooney, D. O. Adsorption design for wastewater treatment, Lewis Publishers, Baco Raton, FL., 1999.
* Gaspard, S. A., Passe-Coutrin, N., Ouensanga, A. and Brouers, F. Parameters from a new kinetic equation to evaluate activated carbon efficiency for water treatment, Water Research, 2006, 40, 3467-3477.
* Hsu, Y. C., Chiang, C. C. and Yu, M. F., Sep. Sci. Tech., 1997, 32, 2513.
* Crittenden, J. C. and Weber, W.J., Predictive model for design of fixed bed adsorbers: parameter estimation and model development. J. Env. Eng. Div., 1978, ASCE, 104, 185.
* Shulman, H.S., Ulrich, C. F. and Wells, N., A. I. Ch. E. Journal, 1955, 1, 247.
* Shulman, H. S., Ulrich, C. F., Wells, N. and Proulx, A. Z., A. I. Ch. E. Journal, 1955, 1, 259.
* Davidson, J. F., Cullen, E. J., Hanson, D. and Roberts, D., Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrs., 1959, 37, 122.
* Furans, C. C. and Bellinger, F., Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Engrs., 1938, 34, 251.
* Crittenden, J. C., Berrigan, J. K., Hand, D. W. and Lykins, B. Design of rapid small-scale adsorption tests for a constant diffusivity. J. WPCF, 1986, 58, 4, 312-319.
* Gu, T. Mathematical modelling and scale-up of liquid chromatography. Springer, Berlin, 1995.
* Guiochon, G., Shirazi, S. G. and Katti, A. Fundamentals of preparative and nonlinear chromatography. Academic Press, Boston, MA. 1994.
* Ruthven, D. M., Principles of adsorption and adsorption processes. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1984.
* Ganetson, G. and Barker, P. E., Preparative and production scale chromatography. Marcel Dekker, New York, 1993.
* Eggers, R., Simulation of frontal adsorption. HIWI report by Hamburg-Hamburg University, 2000.
* Ebrahim , Sh. E. Evaluation of a Mixture Adsorbent and Glass Bed for the Removal of Phenol and Methylene Blue from Water, Ph. D. Thesis, University of Baghdad, 2008.
* Alexander, P. M. and Zayas, I. Particle size and shape effects on adsorption rate parameters, J. Environmental Engineering, 1989, 115, 1, Feb., 41-55.
* Liu, B., Yang, Y. and Ren, Q. Parallel pore and surface diffusion of levulinic acid in basic polymeric adsorbents, Journal of Chromatography A., 2006, 1132, 190-200.
*. Ping, L. and Guohua, X. (I), Competitive adsorption of phenolic compounds onto activated carbon fibers in fixed bed. J. Environmental Engineering, 2001, August, 730-734.
* Lucas, S. and Cocero, M. J., Adsorption isotherms for ethylacetate and furfural on activated carbon from supercritical carbon dioxide. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2004, 219, 171-179.
* . Weber, J. R. and Walter, J., Phtsicochemical processes for water quality control. Wiley Inter Science, New York, 1972.
* . Radke, C. J. and Prausnitz, J. M., Adsorption of organic compounds from dilute aqueous solution on activated carbon. Ind. Eng. Chem. Funda., 1972, 11, 445-451.
* Jossens, L., Prausnitz, J. M. and Frits, W., Thermodynamic of multi-solute adsorption from dilute aqueous solutions. Chem. Eng. Sci., 1978, 33, 1097-1106.
* Sips, R., J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 16, 490-495.
* Gupta, A., Nanoti, O. and Goswami, A. N., The removal of furfural from water by adsorption with polymeric resin. Separation Science and Technology, 2001, 36, 13, 2835-2844.
* Cremer, H. W. and Davis, T., Chemical engineering practice. Volume 6, Fluid System II,
Butterworths Scientific Publication, London, 1958.
* . Malkoc, E. and Nuhoglu, Y., Fixed bed studies for the sorption of chromium (VI) onto tea
factory waste. Chemical Engineering Science, 2006, 61, 4363-4372.