Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Non-Prismatic Columns
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper investigates the potential enhancement of the seismic performance of reinforced concrete square columns by modifying their geometry from prismatic to non-prismatic, while maintaining the same volume. Two one-bay by two-bay three-story RC frames were simulated using ABAQUS software; the first has prismatic columns serving as the reference model, and the second has non-prismatic columns. Static lateral loads were applied to both frames after the application of gravity loads. Additionally, two one-bay by one-bay six-story RC buildings were modeled in ABAQUS; one has prismatic columns and the other has non-prismatic columns. These two models were subjected to the El Centro 0.32g NS 1940 earthquake, and time-history analyses were performed. The results showed that the seismic response, in terms of base shear capacity and stiffness, was significantly improved in the case of columns linearly tapered from a smaller cross-section at mid-height to a larger cross-section at the ends. For a tapering angle of 3.814°, the lateral strength increased by 56.4%, and the initial stiffness improved by 50.5%. Moreover, the overstrength factor of the RC frame with tapered columns increased by 56.48% compared to the prismatic-column reference model. The damage pattern in the frame with non-prismatic columns was also more favorable than that of the reference frame.
Article Details
Section
How to Cite
References
Abbas, R.M., and Abdulhameed, R.A., 2019. Frequency domain analysis for geometric nonlinear seismic response of tall reinforced concrete buildings. Journal of Engineering. https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2019.03.09
American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures (ASCE/SEI 7-16). Reston. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784414248
Annan, C., Youssef, M., and El Naggar, M., 2008. Assessment of overstrength and ductility of a four-story modular steel building braced frame. Proceedings of the 2nd Canadian Conference on Effective Design of Structures, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, pp. 20-23.
Arroyo, O., and Gutierrez, S., 2017. A seismic optimization procedure for reinforced concrete framed buildings based on eigenfrequency optimization. Engineering Optimization, 49(7), pp. 1166–1182. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305215X.2016.1241779
Bai, J., and Ou, J., 2015. Realization of the global yield mechanism of RC frame structures by redesigning the columns using column tree method. Science China Technological Sciences, 58(9), pp. 1627–1637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-015-5875-3
Bai, Y., 2019. Structural dynamics. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-1-119-60560-7.
Balling, R.J., and Yao, X., 1997. Optimization of reinforced concrete frames. Journal of Structural Engineering, 123(2), pp. 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:2(193)
Brant, N., 1984. Reinforced concrete columns of variable cross section. PhD thesis. City University, Department of Civil Engineering, United Kingdom.
Chen, H., Xie, Q., Dai, B., Zhang, H., and Chen, H., 2016. Seismic damage to structures in the Ms 6.5 Ludian earthquake. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 15(1), pp. 173–186. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-016-0314-4
Chen, W.F. and Lui, E.M., 2005. Handbook of structural engineering. CRC press. ISBN: 0-8493-1569-7.
Chopra, A.K., 2012. Dynamics of structures. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN: 978-0-13-285803-8.
Derecho, A.T. and Kianoush, M.R., 2001. Seismic design of reinforced concrete structures. The seismic design handbook, Springer, Boston, MA, pp.463-561. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1693-4_10
Dooley, K.L., and Bracci, J.M., 2001. Seismic evaluation of column-to-beam strength ratios in reinforced concrete frames. Structural Journal, 98(6), pp. 843–851. https://doi.org/10.14359/10751
Elnashai, A.S. and Di Sarno, L., 2015. Fundamentals of earthquake engineering: from source to fragility. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-02483-6.
Fadaee, M.J., and Grierson, D.E., 1998. Design optimization of 3D reinforced concrete structures having shear walls. Engineering with Computers, 14(2), pp. 139–145. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01213587
Fattah, M.Y., and Al-Tae'e, A.Y., 2004. Seismic conditions in Baghdad region: An evaluation of seismic design forces. Journal of Engineering, 10(3), pp. 399–412. https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2004.03.09
Fragiadakis, M., and Papadrakakis, M., 2008. Performance‐based optimum seismic design of reinforced concrete structures. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 37(8), pp. 825–844. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.786
Gharehbaghi, S., Moustafa, A., and Salajegheh, E., 2016. Optimum seismic design of reinforced concrete frame structures. Computers and Concrete, 17(6), pp. 761–786. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cac.2016.17.6.761
Hu, Y., 2021. Risk-based multiobjective optimal seismic design for RC piers using the response surface method and NSGA-II. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2021, P. 8852203. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8852203
International Code Council, 2015. International Building Code 2015. 1st ed. Country Club Hills, IL: International Code Council. ISBN: 978-1-60983-468-5.
Jebelli, S.T., and Behnam, B., 2024. Intelligent life cycle cost-based framework for seismic design of conventional structures. Buildings, 14(9), P. 2597. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092597
Kadhim, J.A., and Al-Zaidee, S.R., 2023. Validated three-dimensional finite element modeling for static behavior of RC tapered columns. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials, 32(1), pp. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2022-0226
Kadhim, J.A., and Al-Zaidee, S.R., 2024. Numerical simulation for strength and stability of RC tapered columns. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 14(1), pp. 14819–14824. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.7228
Kaveh, A., and Zakian, P., 2014. Optimal seismic design of reinforced concrete shear wall-frame structures. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 18(7), pp. 2181–2190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-014-0640-x
Kaveh, A., and Zakian, P., 2014. Optimal seismic design of reinforced concrete shear wall-frame structures. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 18(7), pp .2181–2190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-014-0640-x
Krishnamoorthy, C., and Munro, J., 1973. Linear program for optimal design of reinforced concrete frames. Proceedings of IABSE, 3, pp.119–141.
Mahmoud, T.K., and Al-Baghdadi, H.A., 2018. Seismic response of nonseismically designed reinforced concrete low rise buildings. Journal of Engineering, 24, pp. 112–127. https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2018.04.08
Manohar, S., and Madhekar, S., 2015. Seismic design of RC buildings. Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2319-1
Ministry of Construction and Housing, 2017. Iraqi Seismic Code for Buildings: IQS No. 303. Baghdad. Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control (in Arabic).
Nie, X., Zhang, S., Jiang, T., and Yu, T., 2020. The strong column–weak beam design philosophy in reinforced concrete frame structures: A literature review. Advances in Structural Engineering, 23, pp. 3566–3591. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433220933463.
Sucuoglu, H., and Akkar, S., 2014. Basic earthquake engineering from seismology to analysis and design. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01026-7
Sunitha, P., Murty, C., and Goswami, R., 2014. Quantifying parameters that ensure large deformability of earthquake resistant RC building in high seismic regions. In: 10th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering Frontiers of Earthquake Engineering. http://dx.doi.org/10.4231/D3ZK55M8K
Tanhadoust, A., Madhkhan, M., and Daei, M., 2023. Two-stage optimization method for design of reinforced concrete frames using optimal pre-determined section database and non-revisiting genetic algorithm. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 66, P. 255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-023-03709-3
Taranath, B. S., 2004. Wind and earthquake resistant buildings: Structural analysis and design. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780849338090
Zakian, P., and Kaveh, A., 2023. Multi-objective seismic design optimization of structures: A review. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 31(6), pp. 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-023-09992-z
Zou, X.K., and Chan, C.M., 2004. Seismic drift performance-based design optimization of reinforced concrete buildings. 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, BC, Canada, August 2004, pp. 1–6.
Zou, X.K., and Chan, C.M., 2005. An optimal resizing technique for seismic drift design of concrete buildings subjected to response spectrum and time history loadings. Computers & Structures, 83, pp. 1689–1704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.10.002