دور التنوع الوظيفي للتآزر الحضري في صناعة المكان الابداعي بالمراكز الحضرية

Al-Hinkawi, W. S., Akef, V. S., 2018. The effect of the special local part (architectural nodes) on the global transformation within the urban structure. Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning, Baghdad, 7(1),P. 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36041/iqjap.v7i1.240.

Al-kanani, najem, 2018. Diversity and accessibility in the vibrant placemaking. Journal of Kufa Studies Center, Kufa, 1(51), pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.36322/jksc.v1i51.5301.

Al-Khfaji, A. S.,Al-Shouk, N. D., 2016. Toward a sustainable compact city: (a study in converting traditional Najaf city to a sustainable compact city). KnE Engineering: Baghdad, 3(4):167, pp. 6-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/keg.v3i4.2168.

Al-mayali, R. F., 2023. Samawah Walls in the Ottoman and British Era: a historical archaeological study. Uruk Journal of Humanities, Al-muthanna, 16(1), pp. 205-217. https://doi.org/10.52113/uj05/023-16/205-217.

Al-salam, N. A. M., Sabry, T. T., 2019. Placemaking in urban space. Center of Urban and Regional Planning for Post Graduate Studies.http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/keg.v3i4.2161.

Blazy, R., 2019. Genesis of synergy-problems of inner cities. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. Poland. pp. 2-7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/471/11/112011.

Bushev, 1994. Synergetics: chaos, order, self-organization. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, P. 3. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814354578.

Derlatka, A., 2017. Synergy as a criterion for the evaluation of projects, the revitalization of city centers. Biblioteka Politechniki Lubelskiej, Radom, 16(1), pp. 1-2. https://doi.org/10.24358/Bud-Arch_17_161_02.

Hoppenbrouwer, E. and Louw, E., 2005. Mixed-use development: Theory and practice in Amsterdam's Eastern Docklands. European Planning Studies, 13(7), pp. 967-983.. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310500242048.

Fuller, R. B., 1979. Synergetics: explorations in the geometry of thinking. First ed. Graham: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1979.

Hammoud, 2024. Parliament café heritage city links the past to the present.

https://www.al-mirbad.com/detail/158503.

Hillier, B., 2007. Space is the machine. The Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 11th ed. United Kingdom. ISBN 978-0-9556224-0-3.

Haken, H., 1979. Synergetics and bifurcation theory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Volkswagenwerk Foundation, Hannover, 316(1), pp. 357-375. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1979.tb29481.x.

Jacobs, J., 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. United States: Random House, New York City. ISBN 978-0-9556224-0-3.

James, B., Archana, S., 2019. Retrofitting cities: Enhancing synergy by exploring new trends in urban greenways. University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries, Baltimore.

Keleg, M. M., 2020. Prospects of placemaking progression in arab cities, Egypt. The Journal of Public Space, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1255.

Kent, F., 2022. Placemaking: What if we built our cities around places?. Project for Public Spaces, Inc., USA.

Larson, James R., 2010. In search of synergy in small group performance. Psychology Press, Taylor, Francis Group, USA. ISBN-9780203848784.

Lukic, I. V., 2020. Placemaking, local community, and tourism. Hrvatski Geografski Glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin, Croatia, 83(1), pp. 77−104. https://doi.org/10.21861/HGG.2021.83.01.04.

Mark, 2015. Placemaking assessment tool. Michigan State University Land Policy Institute, Michigan.

Meijers, E., 2005. Polycentric urban regions and the quest for synergy: Is a network of cities more than the sum of the parts?. Urban Studies, 42(4), pp. 765– 781. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980500060384.

Mikhailov, 1992. Foundations of synergetics I: distributed active systems. journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Russia, 176(1), pp. 2– 9. https://doi.org/10.1524/zpch.1992.176.Part_1.130a.

Mohsen, Y. A., 2023. Beit El-geblawi, the last refuge of the classical style in construction.

Mumford, L., 2019. What Is a City? (1938). Historic Cities: Issues in Urban Conservation, 8, P. 49.

Nazir, 2011. City centre masterplan, Birmingham. Peter Britt Associates Architects, Birmingham.

Razem, m, Ghanem, T., 2021. Urban social engagement social benefits of green infrastructure.‏ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH‏, Germany.

Satar, c., 2024. Samawah library opens its doors to readers, but its shelves are empty of books.

Seamon, D., 2018. Ways of understanding wholeness: Place, Christopher Alexander, and synergistic relationality. The 10th-Annual Conference on Christopher Alexander, Sponsored by the Portland Urban Architecture Research Lab,

Portland, Oregon. 80(2), pp. 93-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/02604027.2024.2330288.

Stipcic, M., 2018. Synergy between public space politics and mobility strategies. Miquel Martí Casanovas, Spain. (8), P. 3. https://doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6307.

Vankova, K., Nakamura, H. and Witthöft, G., 2018. Synergistic urban improvement: case study of Hikifune neighbourhood in Tokyo. Environmental Science & Sustainable Development, 3(2), pp. 75-88. https://doi.org/10.21625/essd.v3iss2.378.

Weingardt, R. G., 2006. The father of synergetics: inventor of the geodesic dome or not. Structure magazine, DCI Engineers, Portland, San Diego.