تأثير أنواع التبطين على الأداء الهيدروليكي لقنوات الري: دراسة حالة لقناة بني حسن
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
تُستخدم بطانة القنوات عادةً لتقليل فقدان المياه بالتسرب ورفع كفاءة نقلها. غالبًا ما تعاني قنوات الري التقليدية غير المبطنة من فقدان كبير للمياه نتيجة التسرب وانخفاض منسوب المياه، مما يؤثر سلبًا على الأداء الهيدروليكي وكفاءة الري. على الرغم من الاستخدام الواسع النطاق لبطانة قنوات الري، إلا أن الدراسات التي تُقيّم تأثير أنواع البطانة المختلفة في التحكم بالتسرب في ظل ظروف متنوعة قليلة. تركز هذه الورقة البحثية على تقييم تأثير نوعين مختلفين من البطانة الخرسانية واللحاف الخرساني على تحسين الأداء الهيدروليكي لقناة بني حسن للري. تم إنشاء نموذج هيدروليكي أحادي البعد في حالة الاستقرار باستخدام برنامج HEC-RAS الإصدار 6.6 لمحاكاة توزيع التدفق في قناة بني حسن. استُخدمت طريقة الجذر التربيعي لمتوسط مربعات الخطأ (RMSE) لتحديد قيمة معامل خشونة مانينغ للخرسانة. تم تقدير التسرب عبر مقطع القناة، وفقًا لقانون دارسي، قبل وبعد التبطين.
أظهرت النتائج أن أجزاء القناة غير المبطنة سجلت خسائر تسرب بلغت 4546 مترًا مكعبًا في اليوم، بينما قللت البطانة الخرسانية هذه الخسائر إلى 599 مترًا مكعبًا في اليوم (انخفاض بنسبة 92%)، والبطانة الخرسانية إلى 588 مترًا مكعبًا في اليوم (انخفاض بنسبة 95%). كما حسّنت البطانة من انتظام عمق التدفق وكفاءة النقل، مما يُبرز فعاليتها في تحسين الأداء الهيدروليكي للقناة
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