Increasing of Naphthenes Content in Naphtha by Using Y and Zeolite Prepared from Iraqi Kaolin
Main Article Content
Abstract
This work dealt with separation of naphthenic hydrocarbons from non-naphthenic hydrocarbons and in particular concerns an improved process for increasing the naphthenes concentration in naphtha, The separation was examined using adsorption by Y and B zeolite in a fixed bed process. The concentration of naphthenes in the influent and effluent streams was determined using PONA classification. The effect of different operating variables such as feed flow rate (2- 4 L/hr); bed length (50 - 80 cm) on the adsorption capacity of Y and zeolite was studied. Increasing the bed length lead to increase the naphthenes concentration, and increasing the flow rate lead to decrease in the concentration of naphthenes, It was found that the decrease in flow rate to 2 L/hr and increase the bed length to 80 cm lead to increase the naphthenes concentration from 6.2 to 24.8 Wt. %.
Article Details
How to Cite
Publication Dates
References
Abbas, M. N., 2011, Production of Phenol from Cumene Hydroperoxide by Reactive Distillation Using Prepared Zeolite, Ph. D. thesis. University of Baghdad, Chemical Engineering Department.
Abdul – Raheem, M. M., 2003, Adsorption of BTX Aromatics from Reformat by 13X Molecular Sieves, M. Sc. Thesis, University of Baghdad, Chemical Engineering Department.
Anthony, R., Alkhawaldeh, A. and Wu, X., 2001, First International Chemical Engineering Conference, University of Jordan, Amman – Jordan, PP. 478.
Calemma, V., Ferrari, M., Rabi, S. and Weitkamp, J., 2013, Selective Ring Opening of Naphthenes from Mechanistic Studies with a Model Feed to the Upgrading of a Hydrotreated Light Cycle Oil, Fuel III, PP. 763-770.
Cassidy, H. G., 1951, Adsorption and Chromatography", Interscience Publishers, New York.
Drzaj, B., Hocevar, S. and Pejovnik, S., 1985, Zeolite, Synthesis, Structure, Technology and Application, Elsevier Science Publishing Company, Inc., New York.
Guisnet, M., Bourdillon, G., and Gueguon, C., 1984, Zeolites, Vol. 4, PP. 84.
Hopper, J. R., and Voorhies, J. A., 1972, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., Vol. 11, PP. 294.
Htay, M. and Oo, M., 2008, Preparation of Zeolite Y Catalyst for Petroleum Cracking, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, PP. 48.
Jaber, H. A., 2005, Increasing of Naphthenes Content in Naphtha, M. Sc. Thesis, University of Baghdad, Chemical Engineering Department.
Karge, H.G. and Ladebeck, J., 1980, Catalysis by Zeolite, studies in surface Science and Catalysis, Vol. 5, PP. 151.
Kirk-Othmer, 1983, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Vol. 15, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 3rd ed., Vol. 15, PP. 638 – 669.
Land, H. F., 1971, Industrial Pollution Control Hand Book, McGraw Hill, PP. 55.
Mohammed, W. T. and Abbas, M. N., 2014, Reactive Distillation for Phenol Production Using Different Types of Zeolite Prepared from Rice Husk, ijst UK.
Mohanty, K., Das, D. and Biswas, M. N., 2005, Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated Carbons Prepared from Tectona Grandis Sawdust by Zncl2 Activation, Chem. Eng. Journal, Vol. 115, PP. 121-131.
Perry, R. H. and Chilton, G. H., 1984, Chemical Engineering Hand Book, Mc Graw Hill, New York.
Rashid, S. A., 2009, Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater Using Alum, M.Sc. thesis, University of Baghdad, Chemical Engineering Department, PP. 16.
Schreiner et al., 1993, Method of Removing Heavy Metal Contaminants from Organic Compounds, U.S. Pat., 5 220 099.
Treacy, M. M. J. and Higgins, J. B., 2001, Collection of Simulated XRD Powder Patterns for Zeolites.
Wan, G., Aijun D., Ying Z., Guiyuan J., Dengqian Z. and Zhenyong G., 2010, Zeolite Beta Synthesized with Acid Treated Metakaolin and its Application in Diesel Hydrodesulfuriazation, Catalysis Today Vol.149, PP. 69-75.