Reaction Kinetics of Tert-Butanol Esterification
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
In this study, the kinetics for the reaction of tert-butanol esterification with acetic acid in the presence of Dowex 50Wx8 catalyst was investigated. The reaction kinetic experiments were conducted in 1000 milliliter vessel at temperatures ranged from 50 - 80 oC, catalyst loading 25-50 g/L, and the molar ratios of acetic acid to tert-butanol from 1/3 – 3/1. The reaction rate was found to increase with increasing temperature and catalyst loading. It was also found the conversion of the tert-butanol increases as the molar ratio of acid to alcohol increases from 1/3 – 3/1. The Non-ideality of the liquid phase was taken into account by using activities instead of molar fractions. The activity coefficients were calculated according to the group contribution UNIFAC method. The results show that the activation energy of tert-butanol esterification with acetic acid was found to be 1.09 kJ/mol.
تفاصيل المقالة
كيفية الاقتباس
تواريخ المنشور
المراجع
Akbay, E. Ӧ.,Altiokka, M. R.,2011, Kinetics of esterification of acetic acid with n-amyl alcohol in the presence of Amberlyst-36, Applied Catalysis A: General, Vol. 396, PP. 14-19.
Ali, S. H., Tarakmah, S., Merchant, S. Q., Al-Sahhaf, T.,2007,Synthesis of esters Development of the rate expression for the Dowex 50 Wx8-400 catalyzed esterification of propionic acid with 1-propanol, Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 62, PP. 3197-3217.
Altiokka, M. R., Çıtak, A., 2003, Kinetics study of esterification of acetic acid with isobutanol in the presence of amberlite catalyst, Applied Catalysis A: General, Vol. 239, PP. 141-148.
Bhorodwaj, S. K., Dutta, D. K.,2011, Activated clay supported heteropoly acid catalysts for esterification of acetic acid with butanol, Applied Clay Science, Vol. 53, PP. 347-352.
Blagov, S., Parada, S., Bailer, O., Moritz, P., Lam, D., Weinand, R., Hasse, H., 2006, Influence of ion-exchange resin catalysts on side reactions of the esterification of n-Butanol with acetic acid, Chemical Engineering Science,Vol. 61, PP. 753-765.
Fogler, H. S.,1999, Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
Gangadwala, J., Mankar, S., Mahajani, S.,2003, Esterification of acetic acid with nbutanol in the presence of ion-exchange resins as catalysts, Industrial Engineering and Chemical Research, Vol. 42, PP. 2146–2155.
Geankoplis, C. J.,1993, Transport Processes and Unit Operations, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
Izci, A., Bodur, F.,2007, Liquid-phase esterification of acetic acid with isobutanol catalyzed by ion-exchange resins, Reactive & Functional Polymers, Vol. 67, PP. 1458-1464.
Ju, I. B., Lim, H. W., Jeon, W., Suh, D. J., Park, M. J., Suh, Y. W.,2011, Kinetic study of catalytic esterification of butyric acid and n-butanol over Dowex 50Wx8-400, Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 168, PP. 293-302.
Korkmaz, S., Salt, Y., Hasanoglu, A., Ozkan, S., Salt, I., Dincer, S., 2009, Pervaporation membrane reactor study for the esterification of acetic acid and isobutanol using polydimethylsiloxane membrane, Applied Catalysis A: General,Vol. 366, PP. 102-107.
Lilja, J., Murzin, D. Y., Salmi, T., Aumo, J.,Mäki-Arvela, P., Sundell, M., 2002, Esterification of different acids over heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts and correlation with the Taft equation, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, Vol. 182-183, PP. 555-563.
Liu, K., Tong, Z., Liu, L., FengX.,2005,Separation of organic compounds from water by pervaporation in the production of n-butyl acetate via esterification by reactive distillation, journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 256, PP. 193–201.
Liu, W.T., Tan, C.S.,2001, Liquid-phase esterification of acetic acid with isobutanol catalyzed by ion-exchange resins, Industrial Engineering and Chemical Research, Vol. 44, PP. 3281-3286.
Nagasawa, K., Ohhashi, K., Yamashita, A., Ito, K., Chemical Letters,1994,Vol. 23, PP. 209. (Cited in:-Choudhary, V. R., Mantri, K., Jana, S. K., 2001, Highly selective Si-MCM-41 supported InCl3, GaCl3, FeCl3 and ZnCl2 catalysts for low temperature esterification of tert-butanol by acetic anhydride, Microporous and Mesporous Materials, Vol. 47, PP. 179-183.
Niasari, M. S., Khosousi, T., Hydarzadeh, S.,2005Highly selective esterification of tert-butanol by acetic acid anhydride over alumina-supported InCl3, GaCl3, FeCl3, ZnCl2, CuCl2, NiCl2, CoCl2 and MnCl2 catalysts, Jornal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, Vol. 235, PP. 150-153.
Othmer, K., 1994, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Wiley, New York, fourth ed., Vol. 9, PP. 781-811.
Perry, R. H., Green, D. W.,1997, Perry's Chemical Engineers, McGraw-Hill, New York, Handbook.
Sanz, M.T., Murga, R., Beltran, S., Cabezas, J.L., 2002, Autocatalyzed and Ion-Exchange-Resin-Catalyzed Esterification Kinetics of Lactic Acid with Methanol, Industrial Engineering and Chemical Research, Vol. 41, PP. 512-517.
Smith, J. M., Van Ness, H. C.,1987, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Printed and Bound in Singapore Fong & Sons Printers Pte Ltd, fourth edition.
Taber, D. F., Gerstenhaber, D. A., Zhao, X.,2006,Convenient preparation of tert-butyl esters, Tetrahedron Letters, Vol. 47, PP. 3065-3066.
Tsai, Y. T., Lin, H., Lee, M. J.,2011, Kinetics behavior of esterification of acetic acid with methanol over Amberlyst 36, Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 171, PP. 1367-1372.
Tsai, Y. T., Lin, H., Lee, M. J.,2011, Kinetics of heterogeneous esterification of glutaric acid with methanol over Amberlyst 35, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, Vol. 42, PP. 271-277.