تصميم هوائي رقعة مايكروسترب ذو رقعة مشقوقة لتطبيقات الاتصالات اللاسلكية ثنائية النطاق باستخدام برنامج CST
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
تُعد هوائيات الرقعة الميكروسترب (Microstrip Patch Antennas - MPAs) متعددة الاستخدامات من حيث الأشكال الهندسية وإمكانية التطبيق. يتكون الهوائي المقترح من خمسة شقوق مستطيلة (Rectangular Slots)، وقد تمت محاكاته باستخدام برنامج .CST ومن أهم مزايا هذا النوع من الهوائيات خفة الوزن وإمكانية دمجه مع الدوائر المتكاملة للمايكروويف (MICs)، بالإضافة إلى بساطة التركيب التي تجعل عملية التصنيع منخفضة الكلفة .كما تتميز هوائيات الميكروسترب بقدرتها على توفير استقطاب خطي أو دائري، والعمل عند نطاقين تردديين أو أكثر، وتحقيق عرض حزمة واسع، فضلاً عن مرونة تصميم خط التغذية. لذلك تم في هذا البحث تقديم هوائي رقعة ميكروسترب مستطيل مزود بشقوق مع تحسين أبعاده التصميمية ليعمل في تطبيقات الاتصالات اللاسلكية. تم تصنيع الهوائي على ركيزة عازلة بسماكة 1.6 ملم وثابت عزل كهربائي (εr = 4.3) وقد تم حفر الشقوق على السطح العلوي للركيزة، بينما تمت تغذية الهوائي بواسطة خط نقل ميكروسترب. أظهرت النتائج أن الهوائي يعمل عند ترددين رنينيين هما 2.45 GHz و 3.188 GHz مع عرض جزمة مقداره 0.67 GHz (27.34%)و 0.4 GHz (12.5%) على التوالي. كما حقق الهوائي قيمة فقدان عودة (reflection coefficient) بلغت -45.32 dB و -46.11 dB عند الترددين المذكورين. كذلك بينت النتائج تحسناً في الكسب (Gain) ليصل إلى 5.713 dBi و 5.283 dBi وفي التوجيهية (Directivity) لتبلغ 6.17 dBi و 5.46 dBi، مع نسبة موجة وقوف جهد VSWR تساوي 1.279 و 1.265على التوالي.
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