استخلاص الزنك من التربة الرملية بطريقة صديقة للبيئة باستخدام التحريك الكهربائي بمساعدة حمض الطرطريك والنفايات الزراعية
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
تقيّم هذه الدراسة فعالية عملية المعالجة الكهروكيميائية لاستخلاص الزنك من التربة الرملية الملوثة صناعيًا، باستخدام قشور الأرز كمادة ماصة حيوية طبيعية وحمض الطرطريك كعامل مُحسِّن قابل للتحلل الحيوي. تم تلوث عينة التربة بـ 300 ملغم/كغم من الزنك، وأُجريت عليها أربع تجارب كهروكيميائية. استخدمت ثلاث من هذه التجارب ماء الصنبور عند درجة حموضة 3 و7 و11، بينما استخدمت التجربة الرابعة حمض الطرطريك عند درجة حموضة 3. أظهرت النتائج أن درجة الحموضة تؤثر بشكل كبير على حركة الزنك وفعالية إزالته من التربة. كان امتزاز الزنك والهجرة الكهربائية أكثر الطرق فعالية في المحاليل الحمضية (درجة حموضة 3)، حيث بلغت كفاءة الإزالة 77.8% في التجربة غير المُحسَّنة. أما في المحاليل المتعادلة والقلوية، فقد انخفضت كفاءة الإزالة إلى 69.7% و53.2% على التوالي، نتيجةً لانخفاض ترسب الزنك وذوبانه بالقرب من المهبط. من جهة أخرى، حقق الاختبار المُعزز بحمض الطرطريك أفضل النتائج بكفاءة إزالة بلغت 90.8%. وكان تركيز الزنك المتبقي في هذا الاختبار أقل بكثير من تركيزه في الاختبار غير المُعزز، حيث بلغ حوالي 15 ملغم/كغم بالقرب من المصعد و43 ملغم/كغم بالقرب من المهبط. إضافةً إلى ذلك، بلغت كمية الزنك التي امتصتها قشور الأرز 38 ملغم/كغم في محيط المهبط، مما شكل حاجزًا ثانويًا وقلل من الانتقال العكسي.
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