FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF HUMAN AND ARTIFICIAL ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
Main Article Content
Abstract
Joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis, induce pain and loss of mobility to millions of people around the world. Current clinical methods for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis include X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, and arthroscopy. These methods may be insensitive to the earliest signs of osteoarthritis. This study investigates a new procedure that was developed and validated numerically for use in the evaluation of cartilage quality. This finite element model of the human articular cartilage could be helpful in providing insight into mechanisms of injury, effects of treatment, and the role of mechanical factors in degenerative
conditions, this three-dimensional finite element model is a useful tool for understanding of the stress distributions within articular cartilage in response to external loads and investigating both the prevention of injury and the pathological degeneration of the joints.
In this study, 21 models were analysed by using ANSYS workbench v12.1: four normal articular cartilage models (distal femur, patella, medial and lateral tibia). A redesign to the distal femur model was done to get osteoarthritis articular cartilage (simple and deep) seven models by making partial cut without affecting the subchondral bone, and full cut with part of the subchondral bone in different diameters. Finally a treatment done by replacing the defective parts with artificial articular cartilages with different types of treatment. The finite element analysis studied depending on a Von Mises criteria and total deformation in different activities. The results shows that Autologous Chondrocyte Implementation is the best treatment way and it is close by 87.50% to normal cartilage. This procedure can be used as a diagnostic procedure for osteoarthritic patients and to choose the best treatment options.
Article Details
How to Cite
Publication Dates
References
Abhijit M. Bhosale, and James B. Richardson, “Articular Cartilage: Structure, Injuries And Review Of Management”, Institute of Orthopaedics and Arthritis Research Centre, UK, British Medical Bulletin; 87: 77–95, 2008.
Arif Iftekhar, “Standard Handbook Of Biomedical Engineering And Design”, University of Minnesota,Minneapolis, The McGraw-Hill Companies, chapter 12,2004.
Ateshian G A, and Hung C T, “The Natural Synovial Joint: Properties Of Cartilage”, Proc. IMechE Vol. 120 Part J: J. Engineering Tribology, 2006.
Benno M. Nigg, and Walter Herzog, “Biomechanics of the Musculo-Skeletal System”, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, second edition, p. 86-105, 1999.
Constantin Bratianu, Paul Rinderu, and Lucian Gruionu,” A 3D Finite Element Model of a Knee for Joint Contact Stress Analysis during Sport Activities”, Key Engineering Materials Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, Vols. 261-263, pp 513-518, 2004.
Daniel J. Schneck, Joseph D. Bronzino, “Biomechanics Principles And Applications”, Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C., 2003.
Dennis R. Carter, Gary S. Beaupré, Marcy Wong, R. Lane Smith, Tom P. Andriacchi, and David J. Schurman, “The Mechanobiology of Articular Cartilage Development and Degeneration”, pp. S69–S77, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004.
Felson DT, Zhang Y, Hannan MT, Naimark A. Weissman B, and Aliabadi P., “Risk factors for incident radiographic knee osteoarthritis in the elderly”, Arthr Rheum, 22:716-733, 1997.
Gelse K., Olk A., Eichhorn S., Swoboda B., Schoene M.,and Raum K., “Quantitative Ultrasound Biomicroscopy For The Analysis Of Healthy And Repair Cartilage Tissues”, Germany, Vol. 11, p. (58-71) , 2010.
Guoan Li, Orlando Lopez, “Reliability Of A 3D Finite Element Model Constructed Using Magnetic Resonance Images Of A Knee For Joint Contact Stress Analysis”,Harvard Medical School, Boston, 1998.
Janssen P.J.F.M., “Influence of Excessive Loading on The Mechanical Properties of Articular Cartilage”, Technical University Eindhoven, 2004.
Jiang Yao, Art D. Salo, Monica Barbu-McInnis, and Amy L. Lerner, “Finite Element Modeling Of Knee Joint Contact Pressures And Comparison To Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Loaded Knee”, Washington, D.C., November 16-21, 2003.
Jonathan Black, and Garth Hastings, “Handbook of Biomaterial Properties”, First edition, Chapman & Hall, London, 1998.
Matej Mlejnek, “Medical Visualization for Orthopedic Applications”, Ph.D., Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna University of Technology, Austria, 2006.
Michele J. Grimm, “Standard Handbook Of Biomedical Engineering And Design”, Detroit, Michigan, The McGraw-Hill, chapter 15,2004.
Orthopod, “A Patient’s Guide to Articular Cartilage Problems of the Knee”, 116 West Main St., Suite D, Missoula, MT 59802-2295, , Medical Multimedia Group, LLC, 2003.
Ramaswamy Krishnan, Seonghun Park, Felix Eckstein,Gerard A. Ateshian, “Inhomogeneous Cartilage Properties Enhance Superficial Interstitial Fluid Support and Frictional Properties”, Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, Vol. 115, 2003.
Richard Baxter, “Articular Cartilage Injuries and Management”, 2008.
Sam Leffler, Glenn Randers, Andreas Dilger,Guy Eric Schalnat, Jean-loup Gailly, Mark Adler, David E. Steward, and Zbigniew Leyk, “ANSYS 12.1 Inc. Theory Reference”, ANSYS Inc., Southpointe, 2009.
Seeley−Stephens−Tate, “Anatomy and Physiology”, Sixth Edition, McGraw−Hill Companies, p. 114-126, 146, 2004.
Stephen D. Fening, “The Effects Of Meniscal Sizing On The Knee Using Finite Element Methods”, Ph. D. thesis, Ohio University, 2005.
Steven M. Kurtz, “The UHMWPE Handbook”, Principal Engineer, Elsevier Academic Press, 2004.
Sven Knecht, “Biomechanical Assessment of Native and Tissue Engineered Articular Cartilage”, Ph.D., Dipl. Ing., University Stuttgart, Citizen of Germany, 2006.
Tamara K. Pylawka, Richard W. Kang, Brian J. Cole, “Articular Cartilage Injuries”, chapter 30, 2004.
Thomas J. Gill, Peter D. Asnis, Eric M. Berkson, “The Treatment of Articular Cartilage Defects Using the Microfracture Technique”, Journal of Orthopaedic, 18(10):716-738, 2006