Effects of Calcium Carbonate and Fly Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Quaternary Binder for Foam Concrete Mixes

محتوى المقالة الرئيسي

Sara A. Hassan
Mohammed Zuhear Al-Mulali

الملخص

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6646-7268

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.displayStats.downloads##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.displayStats.noStats##

تفاصيل المقالة

القسم

Articles

كيفية الاقتباس

Hassan, S.A. و Al-Mulali, M.Z. (2026) "Effects of Calcium Carbonate and Fly Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Quaternary Binder for Foam Concrete Mixes", مجلة الهندسة, 32(11), ص 233–250. doi:10.31026/j.eng.2026.11.11.

المراجع

Abdellatief, M., Hassanien, A.E., Mortagi, M. and Hamouda, H., 2025. Geopolymer foam concrete: a review of pore characteristics, compressive strength and artificial intelligence in GFC strength simulations. Discover Concrete and Cement, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44416-025-00003-x

Abdulazeez, A.S. and Sani, A.A., 2026. Properties of foam concrete: a review. Discover Concrete and Cement, 2(4), pp. 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44416-026-00042-y

Abdullah, A.F., Ezuldin, N.Y., Ahmed, I.M. and Al-Khafaji, Z., 2025. Enhancing the sustainability of concrete mixes utilizing supplementary cementitious materials in renewable energy buildings. Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Research, 15(5), pp. 28041–28049. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.12936

Ahmed, A., 2024. Assessing the effects of supplementary cementitious materials on concrete properties: A review. Discover Civil Engineering, 1(145). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44290-024-00154-z

Alzlfawi, A., 2025. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of foamed concrete reinforced with scrap aluminum engine residue. Scientific Reports, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16494-4

Amran, Y.H.M., Farzadnia, N. and Abang Ali, A.A., 2015. Properties and applications of foamed concrete; a review. Construction and Building Materials, 101, pp. 990–1005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.112

Aslan, S. and Erkan, İ.H., 2024. The effects of fly ash, blast furnace slag, and limestone powder on the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer mortar. Applied Sciences, 14(2), P. 553. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020553

ASTM C150/C150M-22, 2024. Standard Specification for Portland Cement. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0150_C0150M-22

ASTM C618-25a, 2025. Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0618-25A

ASTM C989/C989M-22, 2022. Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International. https://doi.org/10.1520/C0989_C0989M-22

ASTM C1797-17, 2017. Standard Specification for Ground Calcium Carbonate and Aggregate Mineral Fillers for Use in Hydraulic Cement Concrete. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International. https://doi.org/10.1520/C1797-17

Awang, H. and Aljoumaily, Z.S., 2017. Influence of granulated blast furnace slag on mechanical properties of foam concrete. Cogent Engineering, 4, 1409853. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2017.1409853

BS EN 12390-3:2019, 2019. Testing Hardened Concrete. Compressive Strength of Test Specimens. British Standards Institution. https://doi.org/10.3403/30360097

BS EN 12390-6:2023, 2023. Testing Hardened Concrete. Tensile Splitting Strength of Test Specimens. British Standards Institution. https://doi.org/10.3403/30454320

BS EN 12350-6:2019, 2019. Testing fresh concrete – Part 6: Density. British Standards Institution. https://doi.org/10.3403/30360091

BS EN 14630:2021, 2021. Products and Systems for the Protection and Repair of Concrete Structures. Test Methods. Determination of Carbonation Depth in Hardened Concrete by the Phenolphthalein Method. British Standards Institution. https://doi.org/10.3403/30091526U

Chan, C.L. and Zhang, M., 2023. Effect of limestone on engineering properties of alkali-activated concrete: A review, Construction and Building Materials, 362, P. 129709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129709

Compaoré, A., Sawadogo, M., Sawadogo, Y., Ouedraogo, M., Sorgho, B., Seynou, M., Blanchart, P. and Zerbo, L., 2023. Preparation and characterization of foamed concrete using a foaming agent and local mineral resources from Burkina

Faso. Results in Materials, 17, 100365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2023.100365

De Weerdt, K., Kjellsen, K.O., Sellevold, E. and Justnes, H., 2011. Synergy between fly ash and limestone powder in ternary cements. Cement and Concrete Composites, 33(1), pp. 30–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.09.006

Fu, Y., Wang, X., Wang, L. and Li, Y., 2020. Foam concrete: A state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice review, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2020, Art. ID 6153602, pp. 1-25.

https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6153602

Gencel, O., Bilir, T., Bademler, Z. and Ozbakkaloglu, T., 2022. A detailed review on foam concrete composites: ingredients, properties, and microstructure. Applied Sciences, 12(11), P. 5752. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115752

Gong, J. and Zhang, W., 2019. The effects of pozzolanic powder on foam concrete pore structure and frost resistance. Construction and Building Materials, 208, pp. 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.021

Gopalakrishnan, R., Sounthararajan, V., Mohan, A. and Tholkapiyan, M., 2019. The strength and durability of fly ash and quarry dust light weight foam concrete. Materials Today: Proceedings, 22, pp. 1117–1124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.11.317

Güneyisi, E. and Gesoğlu, M., 2008. Properties of self-compacting mortars with binary and ternary cementitious blends of fly ash and metakaolin. Materials and Structures, 41(9), pp. 1519–1531. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-007-9345-7

Herath, C., Gunasekara, C., Law, D.W. and Setunge, S., 2020. Performance of high volume fly ash concrete incorporating additives: A systematic literature review. Construction and Building Materials, 258, P. 120606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120606

Huy, N.S. and Hong, M.T., 2022. The influence of fly ash and foam contents on the properties of lightweight foamed concrete. Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering, 64(2), pp. 42–49. https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.64(2).42-49

Iraqi Standard Specification No. 45, 1984. Aggregate specifications. Baghdad: Central Agency for Standardization and Quality Control.

Iraqi Standard Specifications No. 5, 2019. Portland Cement Specialties. Baghdad: Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control.

Jia, Y., Aruhan, B. and Yan, P., 2004. Natural and accelerated carbonation of concrete containing fly ash and GGBS after different initial curing period. Magazine of Concrete Research, 64(2), pp. 143–150. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.10.00134.

Jones, M.R. and McCarthy, A., 2005. Utilising unprocessed low-lime coal fly ash in foamed concrete. Fuel, 84(11), pp. 1398–1409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2004.09.030

Jones, M.R., Zheng, L. and Mohammed, M., 2016. Bubble Structure, Stability and Rheology of Foamed Concrete. In: The 9th International Concrete Conference 2016. University of Dundee, pp. 682–694.

Jin, M.T., Huang, C.J. and Jin, Z.F., 2011. The physical and chemical properties of fly ash from municipal solid wastes incineration. Advanced Materials Research, 194–196, pp. 2065–2071. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.2065

Justnes, H., 2016. How SCMs improve concrete durability – A fundamental view. In: Fourth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies (SCMT4). Las Vegas, USA, 7–11 August.

Kearsley, E.P., 2006. The use of foamcrete for affordable development in third world countries. In: Dhir, R.K. and McCarthy, M.J. (eds.) Concrete in the Service of Mankind: Appropriate Concrete Technology, Vol. 3. Milton Park: Taylor and Francis, pp. 232–242.

Kearsley, E.P. and Wainwright, P.J., 2001. The effect of high fly ash content on the compressive strength of foamed concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 31(1), pp. 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00430-0

Kim, J., Na, S., Zhang, W., Sagawa, T. and Hama, Y., 2017. Effect of limestone powder and gypsum on the compressive strength mixture design of blast furnace slag blended cement mortar. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 15(2), pp. 67–80. https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.15.67

Kunhanandan Nambiar, E.K. and Ramamurthy, K., 2008. Fresh state characteristics of foam concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 20(2), pp. 111–117. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2008)20:2(111).

Lin, R.-S., Liao, Y., Han, Y., Oh, S., Park, K.-B., Yang, H.-M., Wang, X.-Y., Yang, B. and Meng, L.-Y., 2023. Low-CO2 optimization design of quaternary binder containing calcined clay, slag, and limestone. Materials, 16(19), 6385. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16196385

Loon, L.Y., Zaidi, A.M.A., Boon, K.H., Sulaiman, S., Adnan, S.H. and Rahman, I., 2010. Carbonation and water permeability of foamed concrete. International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology, 1(1), pp. 33–46. https://journal.uthm.edu.my/index.php/IJSCET/article/view/48

Lothenbach, B., Scrivener, K. and Hooton, R.D., 2011. Supplementary cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete Research, 41(12), pp. 1244–1256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.03.015

Mehta, P.K. and Monteiro, P.J.M., 2006. Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials. 3rd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Mohd Fauzi, M.A.M., Muhd Sidek, M.N. and Mohd Ridzuan, A.R., 2020. Effect of limestone powder as an additive and as replacement of self-consolidating lightweight foamed concrete. International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology, 11(1), pp. 253–262. https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2020.11.01.024

Mydin, M.A.O., Hamah Sor, N., Althoey, F., Özkılıç, Y.O., Al Bakri Abdullah, M.M., Isleem, H.F., Deifalla, A.F. and Tawfik, T.A., 2023. Performance of lightweight foamed concrete partially replacing cement with industrial and agricultural wastes: Microstructure characteristics, thermal conductivity, and hardened properties. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 14, 102546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2023.102546

Nambiar, E.K.K. and Ramamurthy, K., 2006. Models relating mixtures composition to the density and strength of foam concrete using response surface methodology. Cement and Concrete Composites, 28(9), pp. 752–760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2006.06.001

Nordin, S.S., Noor, E.E.M. and Chockalingam, P., 2024. Chemical and thermal analysis of fly ash-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (AMCs). Journal of Composites Science, 8(5), p.170. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8050170

Pandey, B., Maywad, D., Uikey, P., Rathore, S., Dhurve, V., Chouhan, N. and Dedhia, G., 2023. Use of foam concrete in construction. International Journal of Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Physical Sciences, 11(2), pp. 1–6.

Qu, Z., Liu, Z., Si, R. and Zhang, Y., 2022. Effect of various fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag content on concrete properties: experiments and modelling. Materials, 15(9), 3016. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15093016

Ramamurthy, K., Kunhanandan Nambiar, E.K. and Indu Siva Ranjani, G., 2009. A classification of studies on properties of foam concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(6), pp. 388–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.04.006

Remadnia, A., Dheilly, R., Laidoudi, B. and Quéneudec, M., 2009. Use of animal proteins as foaming agent in cementitious concrete composites manufactured with recycled PET aggregates. Construction and Building Materials, 23(10), pp. 3118–3123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.06.027

Salman, B.A. and Al-Mulali, M.Z., 2025. The effect of nano technology on the properties of sustainable foam concrete. Journal of Engineering, 31(6), pp. 193–203. https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2025.06.10

Samad, S. and Shah, A., 2017. Role of binary cement including supplementary cementitious material (SCM), in production of environmentally sustainable concrete: A critical review. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 6(2), pp. 663–674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2017.07.003

She, W., Du, Y., Zhao, G., Feng, P., Zhang, Y. and Cao, X., 2018. Influence of coarse fly ash on the performance of foam concrete and its application in high-speed railway roadbeds. Construction and Building Materials, 170, pp. 153–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.207

Schöler, A., Lothenbach, B., Winnefeld, F. and Zajac, M., 2015. Hydration of quaternary Portland cement blends containing blast-furnace slag, siliceous fly ash and limestone powder. Cement and Concrete Composites, 55, pp. 374–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.10.001

Sebastian, M.S. and V R, T.R., 2021. An investigation on geopolymer concrete with GGBFS and fly ash. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 9(12), pp. 213–216. http://www.ijert.org.

Vashistha, P., Park, S. and Pyo, S., 2022. A review on sustainable fabrication of futuristic cementitious binders based on application of waste concrete powder, steel slags, and coal bottom ash. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 16(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-022-00541-9

Vishavkarma, A., Kumar, M. and Harish, K.V., 2024. Influence of combined substitution of slag and fly ash in improving the pore structure and corrosion resistance of foam concrete mixtures used for reinforced concrete applications. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 21, e03449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2024.e03449

Wee, T.H., Babu, D.S., Tamilselvan, T. and Lim, H.S., 2006. Air-void system of foamed concrete and its effect on mechanical properties. ACI Materials Journal, 103(1), pp. 45–52.

Yohans, J., Rangan, P.R., Ambun, E. and Tumpu, M., 2024. Mechanical properties of foamed concrete (FC) using high-volume fly ash. International Journal of GEOMATE, 26(118), pp. 141–148. https://doi.org/10.21660/2024.118.g13323

Zhang, S., Qi, X., Guo, S., Zhang, L. and Ren, J., 2022. A systematic research on foamed concrete: the effects of foam content, fly ash, slag, silica fume and water-to-binder ratio. Construction and Building Materials, 339, 127683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127683

Zhang, D., Hao, W. and Yang, Q., 2023. Experimental study on the application of recycled concrete waste powder in alkali-activated foamed concrete. Materials, 16(17), 5728. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16175728

Zhang, Z., Li, L., Nong, Q., Li, J. and Li, B., 2026. A new insight into moisture transport in foamed concrete: Coupled effects of density and fly ash. Construction and Building Materials, 506, 144925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144925

Zhang, Z., Provis, J.L., Reid, A. and Wang, H., 2015. Mechanical, thermal insulation, thermal resistance and acoustic absorption properties of geopolymer foam concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 62, pp. 97–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.03.013

Zhou, G. and Su, R.K.L., 2023. A review on durability of foam concrete. Buildings, 13(7), 1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071880

المؤلفات المشابهة

يمكنك أيضاً إبدأ بحثاً متقدماً عن المشابهات لهذا المؤلَّف.

الأعمال الأكثر قراءة لنفس المؤلف/المؤلفين